{"id":157,"date":"2026-07-08T08:50:52","date_gmt":"2026-07-08T08:50:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/?p=157"},"modified":"2026-07-08T08:50:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-08T08:50:52","slug":"what-is-a-vfd-motor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/what-is-a-vfd-motor\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je to VFD motor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Korea Ever-Power \u00b7 Sprievodca motormi s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom \u00b7 IEC 60034-17<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u010co je to VFD motor?
\nSprievodca motorom s premenlivou frekvenciou<\/span><\/h1>\n

Motor s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom (VFD), naz\u00fdvan\u00fd aj invertorov\u00fd motor alebo motor s premenlivou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou, je trojf\u00e1zov\u00fd asynchr\u00f3nny motor \u0161peci\u00e1lne navrhnut\u00fd tak, aby spo\u013eahlivo fungoval v \u0161irokom rozsahu ot\u00e1\u010dok pri pohone frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom (VFD). \u0160tandardn\u00e9 motory m\u00f4\u017eu pri nap\u00e1jan\u00ed z VFD pred\u010dasne zlyha\u0165 v d\u00f4sledku po\u0161kodenia izol\u00e1cie v d\u00f4sledku nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdch \u0161pi\u010diek, zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho chladenia pri n\u00edzkych ot\u00e1\u010dkach a po\u0161kodenia lo\u017eiskov\u00fdm pr\u00fadom. Motor s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom rie\u0161i ka\u017ed\u00fd z t\u00fdchto mechanizmov prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161pecifick\u00fdch kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdch prvkov, ktor\u00e9 sa nenach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v \u0161tandardn\u00fdch katal\u00f3gov\u00fdch motoroch.<\/p>\n

Zosilnen\u00e1 izol\u00e1cia vinutia<\/span>
\nIC416 Extern\u00fd ventil\u00e1tor<\/span>
\nPTC termistory<\/span>
\nIzolovan\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1<\/span>
\nRozsah r\u00fdchlosti 10:1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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10:1<\/div>\n
Rozsah ot\u00e1\u010dok s kon\u0161tantn\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom (d\u00fachadlo IC416)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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1,35 kV<\/div>\n
Odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di impulzn\u00e9mu nap\u00e4tiu (zosilnen\u00e1 izol\u00e1cia)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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30\u201350%<\/div>\n
\u00daspora energie vs. ventil\u00e1tor\/\u010derpadlo s pevnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Trieda H<\/div>\n
Trieda izol\u00e1cie (menovit\u00e1 hodnota 180 \u00b0C)<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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0\u2013120 Hz<\/div>\n
Prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fd frekven\u010dn\u00fd rozsah<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Frekven\u010dn\u00fd<\/p>\n
Motor s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom s\u00e9rie YVF2 od spolo\u010dnosti Korea Ever-Power \u2013 ventil\u00e1tor s n\u00fatenou ventil\u00e1ciou IC416 na strane bez pohonu udr\u017eiava menovit\u00fd prietok chladiaceho vzduchu pri v\u0161etk\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach od 0 do menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje prev\u00e1dzku s pln\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom v celom rozsahu ot\u00e1\u010dok s kon\u0161tantn\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom 10:1 bez tepeln\u00e9ho zn\u00ed\u017eenia v\u00fdkonu.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Obsah<\/div>\n
1. Pre\u010do \u0161tandardn\u00fd motor zlyh\u00e1va pri nap\u00e1jan\u00ed z frekven\u010dn\u00e9ho meni\u010da<\/a>
\n2. Vysvetlenie kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed motora s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom<\/a>
\n3. Chladenie s premenlivou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou: IC411 vs IC416<\/a>
\n4. Lo\u017eiskov\u00fd pr\u00fad a ako mu zabr\u00e1ni\u0165<\/a>
\n5. V\u00fdpo\u010dty \u00faspor energie meni\u010dov frekvencie<\/a>
\n6. S\u00e9ria YVF2 od K\u00f3rey Ever-Power<\/a>
\n7. \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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1. Pre\u010do \u0161tandardn\u00fd motor zlyh\u00e1va pri nap\u00e1jan\u00ed z frekven\u010dn\u00e9ho meni\u010da<\/h2>\n

Frekven\u010dn\u00fd meni\u010d produkuje nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fd priebeh s pulzne \u0161\u00edrkovou modul\u00e1ciou (PWM) namiesto \u010disto s\u00ednusov\u00e9ho nap\u00e1jania. Hoci z\u00e1kladn\u00fa frekvenciu a priemern\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie je mo\u017en\u00e9 presne regulova\u0165, aby sa dosiahla variabiln\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165, r\u00fdchle prep\u00ednacie zmeny v priebehu PWM vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dky, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu dosiahnu\u0165 2 a\u017e 3-n\u00e1sobok nap\u00e1jacieho nap\u00e4tia na svork\u00e1ch motora, ke\u010f d\u013a\u017eka k\u00e1bla medzi meni\u010dom a motorom presiahne nieko\u013eko metrov. Tieto nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dky nam\u00e1haj\u00fa izol\u00e1ciu vinutia sp\u00f4sobmi, ktor\u00fdm \u0161tandardn\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my motorov nie s\u00fa navrhnut\u00e9 tak, aby odolali.<\/p>\n

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Porucha izol\u00e1cie medzi z\u00e1vitmi<\/div>\n

Nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dky PWM m\u00f4\u017eu na svork\u00e1ch motora v pohonnom syst\u00e9me s nap\u00e4t\u00edm 380 V dosiahnu\u0165 1 200 V alebo viac. \u0160tandardn\u00e1 izol\u00e1cia vinutia motora je testovan\u00e1 na pribli\u017ene 1 000 V a opakovan\u00fdm vystaven\u00edm t\u00fdmto \u0161pi\u010dk\u00e1m sa degraduje. Porucha zvy\u010dajne za\u010d\u00edna na prvom z\u00e1vitu cievky, ktor\u00fd prij\u00edma pln\u00fd nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fd \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fd impulz predt\u00fdm, ako sa vlnoplocha pozd\u013a\u017e vinutia zoslab\u00ed. V priebehu t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov a\u017e mesiacov \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdboj po\u0161kodzuje izol\u00e1ciu medzi z\u00e1vitmi, \u010do nakoniec sp\u00f4sobuje skrat vinutia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Tepeln\u00e9 pre\u0165a\u017eenie pri n\u00edzkej r\u00fdchlosti<\/div>\n

\u0160tandardn\u00fd motor IC411 (TEFC) sa spolieha na ventil\u00e1tor namontovan\u00fd na hriadeli, ktor\u00fd cirkuluje chladiaci vzduch okolo r\u00e1mu. Pri n\u00edzkych ot\u00e1\u010dkach s regul\u00e1ciou frekven\u010dn\u00e9ho meni\u010da sa ventil\u00e1tor ot\u00e1\u010da pomaly a dod\u00e1va ove\u013ea menej chladiaceho vzduchu. Pri 25 percent\u00e1ch menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok (napr\u00edklad 360 ot.\/min. na 4-p\u00f3lovom motore) dod\u00e1va chladiaci ventil\u00e1tor pribli\u017ene 6 percent menovit\u00e9ho prietoku vzduchu (\u00famerne k ot\u00e1\u010dkam). Straty vinutia motora zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa pri plnom kr\u00fatiacom momente vysok\u00e9, ale chladiaci v\u00fdkon je takmer neexistuj\u00faci \u2013 \u010do sp\u00f4sobuje r\u00fdchle prehriatie, ak motor be\u017e\u00ed na pln\u00fd kr\u00fatiaci moment pri n\u00edzkych ot\u00e1\u010dkach.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Elektrick\u00e1 er\u00f3zia lo\u017eiska<\/div>\n

PWM prep\u00ednanie vytv\u00e1ra na hriadeli motora s\u00faf\u00e1zov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie vzh\u013eadom na zem. Ke\u010f nap\u00e4tie na hriadeli prekro\u010d\u00ed dielektrick\u00e9 prierazn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie mazacieho filmu v lo\u017eisku, pretek\u00e1 cez kontakt medzi gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkou a obe\u017enou dr\u00e1hou lo\u017eiska v\u00fdbojov\u00fd pr\u00fad. Opakovan\u00e9 v\u00fdboje eroduj\u00fa povrch obe\u017enej dr\u00e1hy lo\u017eiska, \u010do vytv\u00e1ra charakteristick\u00fd matn\u00fd alebo ryhovan\u00fd vzh\u013ead. Lo\u017eisko sa postupne st\u00e1va hlu\u010dnej\u0161\u00edm a pred\u010dasne zlyh\u00e1va \u2013 zvy\u010dajne po 6 a\u017e 18 mesiacoch v porovnan\u00ed s viac ako 20 000 hodinami pri s\u00ednusovom nap\u00e1jan\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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2. Vysvetlenie kon\u0161truk\u010dn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed motora s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom<\/h2>\n

Motor s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom (VFD), ako napr\u00edklad s\u00e9ria YVF2 od spolo\u010dnosti Korea Ever-Power, obsahuje \u0161pecifick\u00e9 technick\u00e9 \u00fapravy na rie\u0161enie ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z troch vy\u0161\u0161ie op\u00edsan\u00fdch mechanizmov poruchy. V\u010faka t\u00fdmto vlastnostiam je motor vhodn\u00fd na nepretr\u017eit\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku pri akejko\u013evek r\u00fdchlosti v r\u00e1mci menovit\u00e9ho rozsahu bez zr\u00fdchlen\u00e9ho starnutia.<\/p>\n

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Zosilnen\u00e1 izol\u00e1cia vinutia<\/div>\n

Motory s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom (VFD) pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa izol\u00e1ciu triedy H (s menovitou teplotou 180 \u00b0C) s kor\u00f3novo odoln\u00fdm smaltovan\u00fdm dr\u00f4tom pre vinutie statora. Dr\u00f4t odoln\u00fd vo\u010di kor\u00f3ne (CR) m\u00e1 dodato\u010dn\u00fd povlak, ktor\u00fd odol\u00e1va \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9mu v\u00fdboju pri \u00farovniach nap\u00e4tia nad prahovou hodnotou izol\u00e1cie. Materi\u00e1l v\u00fdstelky dr\u00e1\u017eok je vylep\u0161en\u00fd zo \u0161tandardn\u00e9ho polyesteru na materi\u00e1l na b\u00e1ze aramidu s vy\u0161\u0161ou dielektrickou pevnos\u0165ou. Impregn\u00e1cia vinutia vyu\u017e\u00edva \u017eivicov\u00fd syst\u00e9m VPI (v\u00e1kuovo-tlakov\u00e1 impregn\u00e1cia), ktor\u00fd eliminuje dutiny v izol\u00e1cii cievky, kde by mohlo d\u00f4js\u0165 k \u010diasto\u010dn\u00e9mu v\u00fdboju. Tieto opatrenia spolo\u010dne zvy\u0161uj\u00fa efekt\u00edvnu odolnos\u0165 vinutia vo\u010di impulzn\u00e9mu nap\u00e4tiu z pribli\u017ene 1 000 V (\u0161tandard) na 1 350 V alebo viac, \u010do je v\u00fdrazne nad \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdm nap\u00e4t\u00edm VFD v syst\u00e9me s nap\u00e4t\u00edm 380 V.<\/p>\n

Normy IEC 60034-17 a IEC 60034-25 definuj\u00fa po\u017eiadavky na sk\u00fa\u0161ku impulzn\u00fdm nap\u00e4t\u00edm pre motory s meni\u010dov\u00fdm re\u017eimom.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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IC416 N\u00faten\u00e9 vetranie<\/div>\n

Chladiaci syst\u00e9m IC416 nahr\u00e1dza ventil\u00e1tor namontovan\u00fd na hriadeli (IC411) samostatne nap\u00e1jan\u00fdm extern\u00fdm motorom d\u00fachadla namontovan\u00fdm na nepoh\u00e1\u0148anom konci hlavn\u00e9ho motora. D\u00fachadlo be\u017e\u00ed nepretr\u017eite s pevnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou, nez\u00e1visle od ot\u00e1\u010dok hriade\u013ea hlavn\u00e9ho motora, a udr\u017eiava menovit\u00fd prietok chladiaceho vzduchu, aj ke\u010f hlavn\u00fd motor be\u017e\u00ed s takmer nulovou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou. To umo\u017e\u0148uje motoru s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom (VFD) poskytova\u0165 pln\u00fd menovit\u00fd kr\u00fatiaci moment od 0 ot.\/min. do menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok \u2013 rozsah ot\u00e1\u010dok s kon\u0161tantn\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom 10:1 \u2013 bez ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek tepeln\u00e9ho zn\u00ed\u017eenia. Motory d\u00fachadiel Korea Ever-Power s\u00e9rie YVF2 s\u00fa dimenzovan\u00e9 na trojf\u00e1zov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie 380 V 50 Hz, typicky 50 a\u017e 250 W v z\u00e1vislosti od ve\u013ekosti r\u00e1mu hlavn\u00e9ho motora.<\/p>\n

IC416 = nez\u00e1visl\u00fd extern\u00fd ventil\u00e1tor poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fd motorom; IC411 = vn\u00fatorn\u00fd ventil\u00e1tor namontovan\u00fd na hriadeli<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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PTC termistory<\/div>\n

Motory s\u00e9rie Ever-Power YVF2 od spolo\u010dnosti Korea obsahuj\u00fa termistorov\u00e9 senzory PTC (s kladn\u00fdm teplotn\u00fdm koeficientom) zabudovan\u00e9 do vinutia statora v najteplej\u0161om bode ka\u017edej f\u00e1zy. Termistory PTC maj\u00fa prudk\u00fd n\u00e1rast odporu pri definovanej vyp\u00ednacej teplote (zvy\u010dajne 130 \u00b0C alebo 150 \u00b0C). Termistory sa prip\u00e1jaj\u00fa k rel\u00e9ov\u00e9mu modulu PTC v ovl\u00e1dacom paneli VFD, ktor\u00fd vypne pohon, ak ktor\u00e9ko\u013evek vinutie dosiahne nastaven\u00fa teplotu. To poskytuje priamu teplotn\u00fa ochranu vinutia nez\u00e1visl\u00fa od extern\u00e9ho tepeln\u00e9ho rel\u00e9 proti pre\u0165a\u017eeniu, ktor\u00e9 monitoruje iba pr\u00fad motora a nedok\u00e1\u017ee priamo detekova\u0165 prehriatie vinutia sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 poruchou chladiaceho syst\u00e9mu alebo nadmernou teplotou okolia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Izolovan\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 (NDE)<\/div>\n

Na preru\u0161enie dr\u00e1hy zvodu pr\u00fadu lo\u017eiska s\u00fa motory s\u00e9rie YVF2 s v\u00fdkonom nad 75 kW vybaven\u00e9 izolovan\u00fdm lo\u017eiskov\u00fdm puzdrom v telese lo\u017eiska na strane bez pohonu. Puzdro zabezpe\u010duje elektrick\u00fa izol\u00e1ciu medzi vonkaj\u0161\u00edm kr\u00fa\u017ekom lo\u017eiska a \u0161t\u00edtom motora, \u010d\u00edm zabra\u0148uje uzavretiu obvodu s\u00faf\u00e1zov\u00e9ho nap\u00e4tia na hriadeli cez lo\u017eisko na strane bez pohonu. Lo\u017eisko na strane pohonu zost\u00e1va neizolovan\u00e9, aby sa zabezpe\u010dila po\u017eadovan\u00e1 referencia uzemnenia. Pre ve\u013emi dlh\u00e9 k\u00e1blov\u00e9 trasy alebo citliv\u00e9 konfigur\u00e1cie pohonu, kde samotn\u00e1 izol\u00e1cia lo\u017eiska na strane bez pohonu nesta\u010d\u00ed, je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u0161pecifikova\u0165 aj uzem\u0148ovaciu kefku (kefa na uzemnenie hriade\u013ea).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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3. Chladenie s premenlivou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou: IC411 vs IC416<\/h2>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nehnute\u013enos\u0165<\/th>\nIC411 (\u0161tandard TEFC)<\/th>\nIC416 (ventil\u00e1tor motora s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Zdroj chladiaceho vzduchu<\/td>\nVentil\u00e1tor namontovan\u00fd na hriadeli, ot\u00e1\u010dky \u00famern\u00e9 hriadeli motora<\/td>\nSamostatn\u00fd motor ventil\u00e1tora s kon\u0161tantn\u00fdmi ot\u00e1\u010dkami, nez\u00e1visl\u00fd od hlavn\u00e9ho hriade\u013ea<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chladenie pri r\u00fdchlosti 10%<\/td>\n~0,1% menovit\u00e9ho chladiaceho v\u00fdkonu<\/td>\n100% menovit\u00e9ho chladiaceho v\u00fdkonu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rozsah ot\u00e1\u010dok s kon\u0161tantn\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom<\/td>\nTypicky 50\u2013100% menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok (2:1 alebo menej)<\/td>\n0\u2013100% menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok (10:1 alebo viac)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Potrebn\u00e9 \u010fal\u0161ie z\u00e1soby<\/td>\n\u017diadne<\/td>\n380 V trojf\u00e1zov\u00fd pre motor ventil\u00e1tora (50 \u2013 250 W)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hladina hluku pri n\u00edzkej r\u00fdchlosti<\/td>\nZn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 (ventil\u00e1tor sa ot\u00e1\u010da pomaly)<\/td>\nKon\u0161tantn\u00fd hluk ventil\u00e1tora bez oh\u013eadu na ot\u00e1\u010dky motora<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Typick\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie<\/td>\nPremenliv\u00e9 kr\u00fatiace momenty (ventil\u00e1tory, \u010derpadl\u00e1) s rozsahom ot\u00e1\u010dok nad menovit\u00fdm 50%<\/td>\nKon\u0161tantn\u00e9 kr\u00fatiace momenty pri \u0161irokom rozsahu ot\u00e1\u010dok: extrud\u00e9ry, dopravn\u00edky, obr\u00e1bacie stroje, kladkostroje<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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Pozn\u00e1mka pre pohony odstrediv\u00fdch ventil\u00e1torov a \u010derpadiel: pri za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed s premenliv\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom, kde r\u00fdchlos\u0165 zriedka kles\u00e1 pod 50 percent menovitej hodnoty, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre pou\u017eitie s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom posta\u010duj\u00faci \u0161tandardn\u00fd motor s chladen\u00edm IC411, preto\u017ee odstrediv\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie prirodzene zni\u017euje kr\u00fatiaci moment pri zn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach, \u010d\u00edm sa udr\u017eiavaj\u00fa teploty vinutia zvl\u00e1dnute\u013en\u00e9 aj pri zn\u00ed\u017eenom chladen\u00ed ventil\u00e1tora. V\u00fdstu\u017e izol\u00e1cie vinutia je v\u0161ak st\u00e1le potrebn\u00e1 bez oh\u013eadu na typ za\u0165a\u017eenia, aby sa chr\u00e1nilo pred nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00fdmi \u0161pi\u010dkami PWM.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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4. Lo\u017eiskov\u00fd pr\u00fad a ako mu zabr\u00e1ni\u0165<\/h2>\n

Po\u0161kodenie lo\u017eiska pr\u00fadom je jedn\u00fdm z najz\u00e1kernej\u0161\u00edch poruchov\u00fdch re\u017eimov motorov poh\u00e1\u0148an\u00fdch meni\u010dmi frekvencie, preto\u017ee nevyvol\u00e1va \u017eiadne okam\u017eit\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky. Motor be\u017e\u00ed norm\u00e1lne s norm\u00e1lnym pr\u00fadom a teplotou, ale lo\u017eisk\u00e1 s\u00fa postupne po\u0161kodzovan\u00e9 mikroskopick\u00fdmi elektrick\u00fdmi v\u00fdbojmi. Prv\u00fdm pr\u00edznakom je zvy\u010dajne po\u010dute\u013en\u00e1 drsnos\u0165 pri ot\u00e1\u010dan\u00ed lo\u017eiska, kedy sa u\u017e vytvor\u00ed ryhovanie obe\u017enej dr\u00e1hy (pravideln\u00fd vzor obvodov\u00fdch dr\u00e1\u017eok na vn\u00fatornom alebo vonkaj\u0161om kr\u00fa\u017eku lo\u017eiska) a je potrebn\u00e1 v\u00fdmena lo\u017eiska.<\/p>\n

\n
Met\u00f3dy prevencie lo\u017eiskov\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu<\/div>\n
\n
\n
Izolovan\u00e9 lo\u017eisko NDE<\/div>\n

Keramick\u00fd povlak na vonkaj\u0161om kr\u00fa\u017eku lo\u017eiska alebo izolovanom lo\u017eiskovom puzdre v lo\u017eiskovom \u0161t\u00edte. Preru\u0161\u00ed vyb\u00edjac\u00ed obvod na lo\u017eisku NDE. \u0160tandard pre YVF2 nad 75 kW. Najn\u00e1kladovo efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie rie\u0161enie pre motory nad 75 kW.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Uzem\u0148ovacia kefa hriade\u013ea<\/div>\n

Uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 alebo strieborn\u00e9 kefky sa pohybuj\u00fa po hriadeli motora a poskytuj\u00fa n\u00edzkoimpedan\u010dn\u00fa cestu do zeme pre s\u00fazvukov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie na hriadeli. Vyb\u00edja nap\u00e4tie na hriadeli do zeme sk\u00f4r, ako sa m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 na \u00farove\u0148 po\u0161kodenia maziva lo\u017eiska. \u00da\u010dinn\u00e9 pre v\u0161etky ve\u013ekosti motorov; vy\u017eaduje pravideln\u00fa v\u00fdmenu kefiek.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
V\u00fdstupn\u00fd Dv\/dt filter<\/div>\n

LC filter in\u0161talovan\u00fd medzi v\u00fdstupom meni\u010da frekvencie a k\u00e1blom motora obmedzuje r\u00fdchlos\u0165 n\u00e1rastu nap\u00e4tia PWM impulzov na svork\u00e1ch motora. Zni\u017euje amplit\u00fadu \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9ho nap\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9ho impulzu a spoma\u013euje \u010deln\u00fa vlnu nap\u00e4tia, \u010d\u00edm zni\u017euje izola\u010dn\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie aj ve\u013ekos\u0165 s\u00faf\u00e1zov\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu. Odpor\u00fa\u010da sa pre k\u00e1blov\u00e9 trasy nad 50 metrov.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
Tlmivka spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu<\/div>\n

Toroidn\u00e1 cievka na v\u00fdstupnom k\u00e1bli pohonu tlm\u00ed s\u00faf\u00e1zov\u00fd pr\u00fad, ktor\u00fd vytv\u00e1ra nap\u00e4tie na hriadeli. \u010casto sa pou\u017e\u00edva v kombin\u00e1cii s uzem\u0148ovacou kefkou hriade\u013ea alebo izolovan\u00fdm lo\u017eiskom NDE pre komplexn\u00fa ochranu proti lo\u017eiskov\u00e9mu pr\u00fadu na ve\u013ek\u00fdch motoroch s dlh\u00fdmi k\u00e1blov\u00fdmi trasami.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

5. V\u00fdpo\u010dty \u00faspor energie meni\u010dov frekvencie<\/h2>\n

Pri za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed odstrediv\u00fdch ventil\u00e1torov a \u010derpadiel vedie zn\u00ed\u017eenie ot\u00e1\u010dok motora pomocou frekven\u010dn\u00e9ho meni\u010da k ne\u00famerne ve\u013ek\u00fdm \u00faspor\u00e1m energie, preto\u017ee spotreba energie sa riadi z\u00e1konom tretej mocniny: v\u00fdkon je \u00famern\u00fd tretej mocnine ot\u00e1\u010dok. Zn\u00ed\u017eenie ot\u00e1\u010dok o 20 percent vedie k 49-percentn\u00e9mu zn\u00ed\u017eeniu v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n

\n
Praktick\u00fd pr\u00edklad \u2013 Odstrediv\u00e9 \u010derpadlo s v\u00fdkonom 22 kW, prev\u00e1dzkovan\u00e9 pri prietoku 80%<\/div>\n
\n
\n
Pevn\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 (ovl\u00e1danie \u0161krtiacej klapky)<\/div>\n
22,0 kW<\/div>\n
Motor be\u017e\u00ed na pln\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010dky; prietok je riaden\u00fd obmedzen\u00edm ventilu<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Frekven\u010dn\u00fd meni\u010d (VFD) pri r\u00fdchlosti 80% (prietok 92,8%)<\/div>\n
11,3 kW<\/div>\n
V\u00fdkon = 22 \u00d7 (0,8)\u00b3 = 22 \u00d7 0,512 = 11,3 kW<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Ro\u010dn\u00e1 \u00faspora (8 000 h\/rok, 0,12 USD\/kWh)<\/div>\n
10 300 USD<\/div>\n
(22,0 \u2212 11,3) \u00d7 8 000 \u00d7 0,12 = 10 272 USD\/rok<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
Typick\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na VFD + motor YVF2<\/div>\n
~4 500 USD<\/div>\n
Jednoduch\u00e1 n\u00e1vratnos\u0165: ~5 mesiacov pri tomto prev\u00e1dzkovom profile<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Tento v\u00fdpo\u010det predpoklad\u00e1, \u017ee syst\u00e9m pracuje pri maxim\u00e1lnom prietoku 80% po\u010das v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iny roka. V praxi sa dopyt po procesnom prietoku men\u00ed a \u00faspora energie pri \u010diasto\u010dnom prietoku je e\u0161te v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia, ako ukazuje tento pr\u00edklad. In\u0161tal\u00e1cia frekven\u010dn\u00e9ho meni\u010da (VFD) na odstrediv\u00fdch \u010derpadl\u00e1ch a ventil\u00e1toroch zvy\u010dajne dosahuje n\u00e1vratnos\u0165 invest\u00edci\u00ed za 6 a\u017e 18 mesiacov pri typick\u00fdch cen\u00e1ch priemyselnej elektriny, \u010do z nej rob\u00ed jednu z finan\u010dne najatrakt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00edch invest\u00edci\u00ed do energetickej \u00fa\u010dinnosti, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii prev\u00e1dzkovate\u013eom procesn\u00fdch z\u00e1vodov.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

6. K\u00f3rejsk\u00fd motor s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom Ever-Power s\u00e9rie YVF2<\/h2>\n
\n
\n

S\u00e9ria YVF2 je rad invertorov\u00fdch motorov od spolo\u010dnosti Korea Ever-Power, ur\u010den\u00fdch pre aplik\u00e1cie s menite\u013en\u00fdmi ot\u00e1\u010dkami VFD v priemyseln\u00fdch pohonoch. Cel\u00fd rad je podrobne pop\u00edsan\u00fd v Sekcia produktov s meni\u010dov\u00fdm motorom s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom<\/a>, pokr\u00fdvaj\u00faci od 0,75 kW do 200 kW vo ve\u013ekostiach r\u00e1mov IEC 80M a\u017e 315M v 4-p\u00f3lovej konfigur\u00e1cii, s 2-p\u00f3lov\u00fdmi a 6-p\u00f3lov\u00fdmi variantmi dostupn\u00fdmi na po\u017eiadanie.<\/p>\n

V\u0161etky motory YVF2 s\u00fa vyroben\u00e9 s \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165ou IE3 (meran\u00e9 pri s\u00ednusovom nap\u00e1jan\u00ed 50 Hz pod\u013ea normy IEC 60034-30-1). Extern\u00fd ventil\u00e1tor IC416 umo\u017e\u0148uje pln\u00fd menovit\u00fd kr\u00fatiaci moment od 0 do 50 Hz (0 a\u017e 1 450 ot.\/min. pre 4-p\u00f3lov\u00fd motor) bez zn\u00ed\u017eenia v\u00fdkonu a nepretr\u017eit\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku nad 50 Hz a\u017e do 120 Hz (a\u017e do 3 500 ot.\/min.) s kon\u0161tantnou charakteristikou v\u00fdkonu nad z\u00e1kladnou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou. Tento \u0161irok\u00fd prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fd rozsah zah\u0155\u0148a pohony extrud\u00e9rov, riadenie r\u00fdchlosti dopravn\u00edkov, pohony os\u00ed obr\u00e1bac\u00edch strojov a ve\u013ek\u00e9 in\u0161tal\u00e1cie ventil\u00e1torov a \u010derpadiel s dlh\u00fdmi denn\u00fdmi prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdmi hodinami.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 \u0161pecifik\u00e1cie s\u00e9rie YVF2<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Rozsah v\u00fdkonu<\/td>\n0,75 \u2013 200 kW<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nap\u00e4tie<\/td>\n380 V \u00b1 5%, 50 Hz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Frekven\u010dn\u00fd rozsah<\/td>\n0 \u2013 120 Hz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chladenie<\/td>\nExtern\u00fd ventil\u00e1tor IC416<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rozsah kon\u0161tantn\u00e9ho kr\u00fatiaceho momentu<\/td>\n10:1 (0 \u2013 50 Hz)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Izol\u00e1cia<\/td>\nDr\u00f4t triedy H, CR<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ochrana<\/td>\nIP54 (IP55 na po\u017eiadanie)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Termistory<\/td>\nPTC, 3 na motor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lo\u017eisko NDE (\u226575 kW)<\/td>\n\u0160tandardn\u00fd izolovan\u00fd ruk\u00e1v<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
\n

\"Aplik\u00e1cia<\/p>\n

\u010cerpadlo a HVAC<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\"Ovl\u00e1danie<\/p>\n

Tla\u010dov\u00e9 mechaniky<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\"V\u00fdroba<\/p>\n

V\u00fdroba rotorov<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\"Certifik\u00e1cie<\/p>\n

Certifik\u00e1cia CE a ISO<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

7. \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
\n
\n
\n
M\u00f4\u017eem pou\u017ei\u0165 \u0161tandardn\u00fd motor na frekven\u010dnom meni\u010di pre ventil\u00e1torov\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Pre aplik\u00e1cie s odstrediv\u00fdmi ventil\u00e1tormi, kde je minim\u00e1lna po\u017eadovan\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ia ako 50 percent menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 prijate\u013en\u00fd \u0161tandardn\u00fd motor so zosilnenou izol\u00e1ciou za predpokladu, \u017ee vylep\u0161enie izol\u00e1cie vinutia je potvrden\u00e9 dod\u00e1vate\u013eom motora. Pri 50 percentn\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach je prietok chladiaceho vzduchu z ventil\u00e1tora namontovan\u00e9ho na hriadeli pribli\u017ene 12,5 percenta menovitej hodnoty \u2013 ale odstrediv\u00fd z\u00e1\u0165a\u017eov\u00fd kr\u00fatiaci moment pri 50 percentn\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach je iba 25 percent menovitej hodnoty, tak\u017ee sa zn\u00ed\u017eia aj straty vinutia. Spr\u00e1vne \u0161pecifikovan\u00fd motor s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom (d\u00fachadlo IC416, izol\u00e1cia triedy H, termistory PTC) je v\u0161ak v\u017edy spr\u00e1vnou \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciou pre nov\u00e9 in\u0161tal\u00e1cie, kde je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 prev\u00e1dzkov\u00e1 \u017eivotnos\u0165 a n\u00e1klady na \u00fadr\u017ebu, a to aj pre aplik\u00e1cie s premenliv\u00fdm kr\u00fatiacim momentom.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
Ak\u00e9 parametre VFD by som mal nastavi\u0165 pri uv\u00e1dzan\u00ed motora YVF2 do prev\u00e1dzky?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Pri prvom uveden\u00ed motorov s\u00e9rie Korea Ever-Power YVF2 na meni\u010di frekvencie nastavte ako v\u00fdchodiskov\u00fd bod nasleduj\u00face parametre: menovit\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie motora (380 V), menovit\u00fa frekvenciu (50 Hz), menovit\u00fd pr\u00fad (pod\u013ea typov\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00edtku), \u00fa\u010dinn\u00edk motora (pod\u013ea typov\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00edtku). Povo\u013ete vstup termistora PTC a pripojte vodi\u010de PTC motora ku vstupn\u00fdm svork\u00e1m PTC meni\u010da frekvencie. Nastavte \u010das zr\u00fdchlenia na 10 a\u017e 30 sek\u00fand pre za\u0165a\u017eenie dopravn\u00edka a \u010derpadla (dlh\u0161ie pre za\u0165a\u017eenie s vysokou zotrva\u010dnos\u0165ou). Minim\u00e1lnu frekvenciu nastavte na 3 Hz (nie 0 Hz), aby ste predi\u0161li tepeln\u00e9mu pre\u0165a\u017eeniu pri takmer nulov\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dkach, pokia\u013e aplik\u00e1cia v\u00fdslovne nevy\u017eaduje udr\u017eiavac\u00ed kr\u00fatiaci moment v pokoji. Pri prvom uveden\u00ed do prev\u00e1dzky nastavte nosn\u00fa frekvenciu (sp\u00ednaciu frekvenciu) na 2 a\u017e 4 kHz \u2013 vy\u0161\u0161ie nosn\u00e9 frekvencie zni\u017euj\u00fa po\u010dute\u013en\u00fd \u0161um, ale zvy\u0161uj\u00fa pr\u00fady v spolo\u010dnom re\u017eime a riziko lo\u017eiskov\u00e9ho pr\u00fadu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi riaden\u00edm VFD s otvorenou slu\u010dkou a uzavretou slu\u010dkou pre motor YVF2?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Riadenie v otvorenej slu\u010dke (V\/f) je najjednoduch\u0161\u00ed prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fd re\u017eim frekven\u010dn\u00e9ho meni\u010da (VFD): pohon udr\u017eiava kon\u0161tantn\u00fd pomer nap\u00e4tia a frekvencie a na v\u00fdstupe je nastaven\u00e1 frekvencia zodpovedaj\u00faca po\u017eadovan\u00fdm ot\u00e1\u010dkam. Skuto\u010dn\u00e9 ot\u00e1\u010dky motora z\u00e1visia od sklzu a bud\u00fa sa mierne meni\u0165 so zmenami za\u0165a\u017eenia. Presnos\u0165: typicky \u00b12 a\u017e 5 percent nastaven\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok. Vhodn\u00e9 pre \u010derpadl\u00e1, ventil\u00e1tory, kompresory a dopravn\u00edky, kde presn\u00e1 presnos\u0165 ot\u00e1\u010dok nie je kritick\u00e1. Vektorov\u00e9 riadenie v uzavretej slu\u010dke pou\u017e\u00edva na meranie skuto\u010dnej polohy a ot\u00e1\u010dok rotora enkod\u00e9r hriade\u013ea alebo resolver, \u010do umo\u017e\u0148uje VFD vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165 a aplikova\u0165 presn\u00fd vektor pr\u00fadu potrebn\u00fd pre po\u017eadovan\u00fd kr\u00fatiaci moment pri akejko\u013evek r\u00fdchlosti. Presnos\u0165: typicky \u00b10,01 percenta menovit\u00fdch ot\u00e1\u010dok. Vy\u017eaduje sa pre pohony os\u00ed obr\u00e1bac\u00edch strojov, riadenie nap\u00e4tia vinutia a presn\u00e9 synchroniza\u010dn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie dopravn\u00edkov. Motory Korea Ever-Power YVF2 s\u00fa kompatibiln\u00e9 s oboma prev\u00e1dzkov\u00fdmi re\u017eimami; pre in\u0161tal\u00e1cie v uzavretej slu\u010dke s\u00fa k dispoz\u00edcii mont\u00e1\u017ene konzoly enkod\u00e9ra.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n
<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
Korea Ever-Power \u00b7 Motory s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom s\u00e9rie YVF2<\/div>\n

Potrebujete frekven\u010dn\u00fd meni\u010d (VFD) pre va\u0161u aplik\u00e1ciu s premenlivou r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou?<\/h2>\n

S\u00e9ria Korea Ever-Power YVF2: Chladenie ventil\u00e1torom IC416, izol\u00e1cia triedy H, termistory PTC, izolovan\u00e9 lo\u017eisk\u00e1 NDE na motoroch nad 75 kW. K dispoz\u00edcii od 0,75 do 200 kW skladom.<\/p>\n

Zobrazi\u0165 motory s frekven\u010dn\u00fdm meni\u010dom YVF2<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Upravil Cxm<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Korea Ever-Power \u00b7 VFD Motor Guide \u00b7 IEC 60034-17 What Is a VFD Motor? Variable Frequency Drive Motor Guide A VFD motor, also called an inverter-duty motor or variable speed motor, is a three-phase induction motor specifically engineered to operate reliably across a wide speed range when driven by a variable frequency drive (VFD). Standard […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-industrial-electric-motor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=157"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":159,"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/157\/revisions\/159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/industrialelectricmotor.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}